Impacto de la intervención educativa en los padres y/o cuidadores de pacientes con asma parcialmente controlada o no controlada, atendidos en la consulta externa del Hospital Roberto Gilbert Elizalde en el periodo comprendido entre 1 abril de 2018 y 31 de marzo de 2019.

Abstract

Asthma is a common chronic disease among pediatric population, this study has the objective of determine the impact of and educational intervention in parents and/or caregivers of asthma patients with partially controlled or noncontrolled asthma, patients who receives attention from Neumology and/or Alergology from Hospital Roberto Gilbert Elizalde in the period of April 2018 and March 2019. The level of knowledge was evaluated through the Newcastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire (NAKQ), before and after educative intervention. This is a longitudinal, prospective, comparative and cuasiexperimental study developed by questionnaire about asthma knowledge and management, the simple was composed by 38 patients aged 5-15 years old, patients with comorbidities like heart or lung disease and neurological disorders were excluded, also the ones with recent diagnosis of asthma. Previous to intervention the average score from the NAKQ was 16,26, one year later the score raised to 19.73 demonstrating improvement in knowledge. About the impact of intervention over disease evolution we found that 15.79% had assisted to the Emergency Room in contrast to 52.63% in control group. Regarding to disease control through specialized evaluation 57.89% stay in the same category. Statistical analysis found significant difference with p<0.001 in level of Asthma Knowledge, disease control and visits to Emergency Room. As a conclusion, an educative intervention directed to caregivers of Asthma patients increases the level of Knowledge about it and has repercussion over disease evolution trough time.