Carencias psicológicas de niñas y adolescentes en situación de acogida. Una reflexión psicológica, jurídica y social de la problemática.

Abstract

In the development of the research work, it was possible to verify that there are different scenarios that violate and generate psychological deficiencies in institutionalized girls and adolescents; instances that respond to the social and legal aspects and have repercussions at the psychological level, through bibliographic compilation, field study, clinical vignettes, and interviews with experts. It was an investigative journey of psychological, social, and legal approach and the objective of the degree work was achieved, which was focused on: analyzing the incidence of parents or legal guardians who do not exercise their role, the inefficiency in legal processes and negligent foster care institutions, in the psychological deficiencies of minors in foster care. The main method of study was analytical using case studies and grounded theory. The discourse of the residents of the home and the technical opinion of the experts were used. This made it possible to understand the psychological deficiencies caused by institutionalization from different angles. The results of this research show that the deficiencies developed depend on the age, the history of the subject and the meaning he/she gives to them, and that they are related to attachment, social bonding and identity. The conclusion is that dysfunctional families affect the form of relationship and attachment; legal processes provoke more revictimization than reparation and negligent foster homes interfere in the construction of the self, the feeling of self-worth and self-esteem.