Estilos de vida como factor de riesgo de malnutrición en adolescentes que asisten a cursos religiosos en la Parroquia Jesús Obrero de la ciudad de Guayaquil, periodo mayo-agosto 2023.

Abstract

Malnutrition causes damage to the health and development of adolescents with low school performance and low quality of life. The Objective was to determine lifestyles as a risk factor for malnutrition in adolescents. The study was Correlational, analytical with a quantitative approach, observational, cross-sectional. The WHO growth curves for Height/Age, BMI/Age and Waist Perimeter/Age, FANTASTIC Questionnaire to measure lifestyles and the food consumption frequency questionnaire were used. 51 adolescents participated in the research, 51% corresponded to the female sex and 49% to the male sex. The anthropometric assessment determined that the Height/Age was normal in 86.3%, and 2% presented delayed growth. Malnutrition is reflected according to the BMI for age, 45.09% are overweight and obese; and, 3,92% underweight. Regarding the waist circumference/age, 13.73% present cardiometabolic risk, mainly in adolescents with obesity. The eating pattern reflects an insufficient intake of dairy products (25.49%), and a high intake of: vegetables (76.47%), fruits (58.82%), legumes and flours (86.27%), Meats (72.55%), sweets and sugars (68.62%), miscellaneous and drinks (84.31%). 15.69% of adolescents must improve their lifestyles. There was no significant relationship between lifestyle and BMI/Age but there was between lifestyles and eating patters (p<0.05). The study sample is above the National average in terms of overweight and obesity and maintains the trend of inadequate eating habits.