Elaboración de recursos didácticos para el desarrollo de habilidades comunicativas en niños de 8 años con trastorno espectro autista (TEA) en el Centro de Atención y Enseñanza Especial Enigma.

Abstract

This study focuses on creating didactic resources to improve communication skills in 8-year-old children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) at the Enigma Special Care and Education Center. The methodology used is qualitative, based on observation and interviews with students, parents, and professionals. Didactic resources are vital to facilitate learning and communication in children with ASD, using tangible and digital materials to understand information, develop skills and create appropriate personal characteristics. These resources promote interaction and communication, helping children to associate images with language and actively participate in learning. Communication skills are essential in child development, especially in cases of ASD. The communicative approach in the school curriculum recognizes the importance of these skills for understanding and generating utterances in various contexts. Given the complexity for children with ASD, early intervention is crucial. ASD is characterized by deficits in communication and social interaction, with repetitive patterns. Research is based on detailed observations and interviews with parents and professionals, showing difficulties in communicative aspects such as initiating conversations and expressing emotions. Stereotyped behaviors and restrictions in social interaction are also identified.