Análisis de alternativas a las importaciones de trigo en Ecuador ante la crisis en las cadenas de suministros alimenticios.

Abstract

This research deals with wheat imports in Ecuador, with the objective of analyzing wheat imports during the period 2019-2023 to propose alternatives to mitigate its imported dependence. The results reveal that wheat imports have experienced steady growth during this period, increasing the country's economic vulnerability to supply chain disruptions. Faced with this situation, the quantitative-qualitative approach is proposed as a methodology, taking databases from the central bank of Ecuador and conducting in-depth interviews with the main national importers. As a proposal to strengthen the supply chain and the trade balance, the Silostrigo-Ec program is proposed. One of the options is to boost national wheat production through the implementation of agricultural policies that encourage farmers to grow this cereal. In addition, the possibility of promoting research and development of wheat varieties adapted to the climatic and soil conditions of Ecuador has been raised. In summary, it has highlighted the importance of seeking alternatives to reduce dependence on imports, through the promotion of national production and research into adapted varieties. With this, the country can mitigate the risks associated with interruptions in the supply chain and strengthen its food security.