Evaluación microbiológica de yogures comercializados en ferias libres en la Isla Trinitaria de la ciudad de Guayaquil.

Abstract

The lack of safety of processed foods has become a vehicle that can transmit pathogenic agents in products obtained for human consumption. The objective of this research was to evaluate the microbiological quality of hanger yogurts marketed at food-free fairs. the Trinitarian Island of the city of Guayaquil. The methodology applied was quantitative, descriptive and correlational; Samples from establishments dedicated to the sale of yogurt were analyzed in 5 free fairs on the Trinitarian Island, sampling was carried out for three days and two different times with two repetitions each, analyzing 10 brands of yogurt. The microbiological results determined that all samples verified an average concentration of E. coli of 2.8x103 CFU/g, where the highest value was on the 3rd day at 6:00 a.m. with 3.39x103, of total coliforms equal to 3.0x103 CFU/g. g, where the highest value was on the 3rd day at 6:00 a.m. with 3.66x103, of molds and yeasts equal to 2.1x103 CFU/g, where the highest value was on the 1st day at 12:00 a.m. with 2.66x103. The microbiological analysis demonstrated the existence of at least one sample that differs from the others, according to the p-value that has met the condition of being less than 0.05, according to ANOVA. It was learned that there was no compliance of the yogurt with the NTE INEN 2395:2011 and NTE INEN 2687:2013 standard, in relation to E. coli, total coliforms. molds and yeasts. In conclusion, the microbiological quality of the yogurt sold in the 5 free fairs of the Trinitarian Island was evaluated, where 20 samples were taken, which were analyzed for 3 days, establishing that the concentration of this food product, in general terms, did not comply with the NTE INEN 2395:2011 standard, with the exception of one brand of yogurt.