Uso de tromboprofilaxis con heparina de bajo peso molecular en estados proinflamatorios con datos de hipercoagulabilidad en pacientes hospitalizados en área crítica pediátrica en el Hospital de niños Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde desde el enero 2016 - diciembre 2022.

Abstract

Introduction: The hypercoagulability state in children with proinflammatory pathologies refers to the increased tendency to develop blood clots due to systemic inflammation and activation of coagulation pathways; these changes affect the microvascular bed which contributes to tissue ischemia and subsequent organ dysfunction during proinflammatory states. It is necessary to know that thromboprophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin is indicated in this group of patients, but there is a paucity of studies regarding its use in children. Methods: An observational, retrospective, cross-sectional, and descriptive study was carried out in which all patients in a state of hypercoagulability hospitalized in critical areas who were administered LMWH who met the inclusion criteria attended at the Roberto Gilbert Elizalde Hospital in the period January 2016 – December 2022 were included. Results: Of the 144 patients identified with a diagnosis of systemic inflammatory response syndrome, those who met the criteria for hypercoagulability were 51% in the prevalent age group, with no difference between genders, 97% as the main trigger, and 4% as the most frequent complication event. Conclusions: Thromboprophylaxis in critically ill pediatric patients who meet hypercoagulability criteria was tolerated, as well as the days of administration were stipulated according to the patient's clinical condition, triggering event, and laboratory findings. Protocols for the application of thromboprophylaxis in these patients should be generated, based on the pathophysiology and their natural history.