La obesidad y sus repercusiones en el embarazo en madres jóvenes del Hospital León Becerra de Milagro en el periodo 2023 - 2024.

Abstract

Obesity in pregnancy has been shown to have a long-term impact on both mother and child. This is one of the non-communicable diseases that is becoming increasingly common in young patients, many of whom are new mothers. Obesity in pregnant women is linked to a marked increase in the frequency of obstetric complications, such as gestational diabetes, preeclampsia and premature births compared to pregnant women who have a body mass index (BMI) within the normal range, as well as multiple consequences in the fetus at the end of gestation, the most predominant repercussion being fetal macrosomia. In addition, it has been related to slower labor and even leads to high-risk conditions such as prematurity by medical indication, a higher rate of cesarean section requirement and, as placental overgrowth occurs, including a higher risk of fetal growth failure, which can lead to fetal hypoxia that is also associated with an increase in the incidence of fetal thrombosis. The little importance given to this problem is overwhelming, since most patients arrive at the emergency room already with complications such as SCORE MAMA of 2 or 4, poor weight gain and even with alterations in their biometry. Therefore, one of the advantages of acquiring preconception care and a good pre and postnatal follow-up is that it can help promote a healthier fetal brain and in turn, prevent various neurodevelopmental disorders.