Sistemas reciprocantes vs rotatorios en la influencia del dolor posoperatorio en tratamientos de endodoncia.

Abstract

Problem: Postoperative pain is an unpleasant sensory experience in patients undergoing endodontic treatment, and its successful management remains a major challenge. Objective: To compare the intensity of postoperative pain in endodontic treatments according to the type of mechanized system used in patients treated at the postgraduate endodontics clinic of the Universidad Católica Santiago de Guayaquil. Methodology: The study followed a quantitative, observational approach with a retrospective analytical design. The sample consisted of 104 dental pieces, of which 51 were treated with the rotary system and 53 with the reciprocating system. The intensity and frequency of postoperative pain were assessed at 24, 48, and 72 hours. Results: At 24 hours, moderate pain was more frequent in older adults (19.6 %), women (37.3 %), molars (39.2 %), and normal obturations (49.0 %) with the rotary system. At 48 hours, this level decreased to 2.0 % in older adults. At 72 hours, all groups reported only mild pain, reaching 100 % in most cases and 95.2 % in normal obturations with the same system. Conclusion: The differences between both systems were not statistically relevant, according to the values obtained in the Mann-Whitney U test, which showed a significance of 0.081 at 24 hours, 0.658 at 48 hours, and 1.000 at 72 hours.