Factores asociados a la mortalidad en pacientes menores a 3 años atendidos por laringitis obstructiva aguda en el Hospital General Monte Sinaí en el periodo de enero del 2022 a diciembre del 2024.

Abstract

Introduction: Acute obstructive laryngitis is one of the most common causes of upper airway obstruction in pediatric patients under 3 years of age, characterized by inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi, causing symptoms such as stridor, cough, and hoarseness. Objective: To identify the factors associated with mortality in patients under 3 years of age treated for acute obstructive laryngitis at Mount Sinai General Hospital between January 2022 and December 2024. Methodology: This research study is analytical, retrospective, cross-sectional, and observational. Results: A total of 102 patients were identified with a diagnosis of acute obstructive laryngitis, of whom 72.5% were male, with the age range of 13 to 24 months predominating (55.9%). Among the pathological histories, asthma was present in 73.5% and allergies in 42.2%. The most frequent clinical manifestations were irritability (100%), barking cough (99.0%), inspiratory stridor (82.4%), and tachypnea (90.2%), with cyanosis in 71.6% of cases. According to the Westley scale, most cases were moderately severe (46.1%), followed by severe cases (30.4%). The history of pneumonia was significantly associated with mortality (p<0.001), as was severe presentation of the disease (p=0.038). Conclusions: Acute obstructive laryngitis is frequently associated with respiratory history and clinical manifestations of respiratory distress. Proper recognition and management are essential to reduce complications and mortality.