Leyes constitucionales ante violencia intrafamiliar en emergencia sanitaria por Covid 19 en la ciudad de Portoviejo periodo 2020-2021.

Abstract

This study addresses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on domestic violence in Portoviejo, Ecuador, during 2020-2021. The research focuses on analyzing how lockdown measures, social isolation, and the health crisis exacerbated domestic violence situations, disproportionately affecting women, children, and other vulnerable family members. The general objective of the study is to assess the effectiveness of Ecuadorian constitutional laws in protecting victims of domestic violence during this health emergency, identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the legal framework and its application in crisis situations. Methodologically, a quantitative investigation was conducted through surveys administered to a sample of 384 residents of Portoviejo, randomly selected to ensure the representativeness of the results. The collected data shows a significant increase in domestic violence cases during the lockdown: 52.08% of respondents agreed that violence increased, while 46.87% stated that they or a family member were direct victims of violence. Additionally, 76.56% of the reported violence cases targeted females, reflecting severe vulnerability in this group. Furthermore, 55.46% of respondents believe that the state of emergency contributed to the increase in domestic violence cases, while only 34.37% reported that the cases they knew of were formally reported. These findings underscore the seriousness of the situation and the urgent need to strengthen public policies and social protection mechanisms to ensure the safety and well-being of victims. In conclusion, although Ecuadorian laws provide a robust legal framework, their implementation during the pandemic faced significant challenges, highlighting the urgent need to improve institutional responses and ensure access to support services and justice for victims of domestic violence.