Mejoras en las políticas comerciales para impulsar la competitividad en el Ecuador : optimización en la aplicación de aranceles mixtos.

Abstract

This study examines how Ecuador's trade policies align with international standards, with particular attention to the historical effectiveness of mixed tariffs. The research followed a non-experimental, hypothetical-deductive explanatory approach and gathered insights through interviews with representatives of industrial associations, customs advisors, and COMEX officials. These conversations revealed several negative impacts, including price increases, reduced competitiveness, smuggling, and legal disputes over cost overruns. The analysis also considered the evolution of imports in sectors such as textiles, ceramics, and household appliances. The study concludes that Ecuador’s tariff policy needs a comprehensive reform. It highlights the importance of designing a more flexible structure, fostering coordination between the public and private sectors, promoting investment incentives, and implementing monitoring tools that ensure compliance with international commitments. Finally, it proposes measures aimed at aligning trade policies with global best practices in order to strengthen competitiveness and support long-term economic sustainability.