Análisis del desempleo en el sector comercial de la ciudad de Guayaquil en el 2020.

Abstract

The present investigation sought to evaluate the impact of unemployment in the commercial sector of Guayaquil caused by the health emergency in the period 2020. The purpose of this research lies in examining the high unemployment rates in the country caused by the COVID-19 health crisis, and analyzing how these rates have directly affected many families engaged in commercial activities in the city. We developed the study based on Neoclassical theory and the Marxist approach, using a mixed-methods design. An interview was conducted with six informal merchants from the city of Guayaquil, and a survey was administered to 25 informal workers, using convenience random sampling. In relation to the main results of this study, the following was known: one of the main sources of income for families during the pandemic was the creation of enterprises and the challenge of creating strategies to achieve their sustainability during this context. In addition, there was agreement among respondents that the commercial sector was the most affected during the pandemic. Regarding the results of the interview, it was learned that many families had to adapt and claim to the new pandemic context, as they needed to adapt their business to the new demands of the consuming public. Keywords: covid-19, unemployment, economic measures, commercial sector, families, unemployment in Guayaquil