Desarrollo de un plato biodegradable a base de harinas de fibra coco (Cocos nucifera), tusa de maíz (Zea mays) y arroz (Oryza sativa).

Abstract

Bioplastics have polymeric structures that are composed of sugars, amino acids, lipids, among others, which, when degraded, are transformed into simple substances such as water, methane, and carbon dioxide through interaction with the environment, thus reducing the environmental impact. This research work had an experimental approach, with a descriptive, correlational and explanatory scope, with the main objective of developing a biodegradable dish based on coconut fiber, corn cob and rice flour in order to give utility to the waste of the sector. Corn and coconut trees, as an alternative in the use of disposable plates, to determine the mixing factors, a control formula was taken as a reference and 14 treatments were determined through the expert design program; these were subjected to a hardness and biodegradation test, the flours obtained from the raw materials were subjected to humidity, crude fiber and ash, since they were considered as independent variables in the investigation. Through the infostat program it was found that T9 was the one that obtained the best hardness result with 23.33 on the shore type D scale and in the biodegradation test at 45 days it degraded 78.65 %, this treatment is composed of 5% flour of coconut, 40 % rice flour and 5 % corncob flour, the cost-benefit analysis gave a result of USD 1.25, which means that for every dollar invested, 25 cents are earned.